In recent years, with the advancement of science and technology and the improvement of people's living standards, there has been a higher demand for the quality of clothing. At the same time, with the development of the textile industry, there are more and more new fabric names on the market. Especially for the clothing sold on major online platforms, the promotional methods and content of the merchants are even more varied, with different functions. In order to attract consumers' attention, some businesses deliberately use some "high-tech" and "high-end" names instead of ordinary material names. Clothing made of new fibers such as Tencel, soybean fiber, milk silk, modal, lycra, lyocell, and corn fiber have sprung up. In addition to the novel fabric fiber names, various functional propagandas have also emerged, such as antibacterial, non-ironing, ventilation, and warmth.

In order to better provide consumers with the necessary consumption guidance, the Zhejiang Provincial Consumer Rights Protection Committee and the Ningbo Consumer Rights Protection Committee (hereinafter referred to as the Ningbo Consumer Protection Committee) conducted a test of new fabrics. Randomly purchased 40 batches of functional clothing on various online platforms, and conducted comparative experiments on fiber content, warmth retention, air permeability, non-ironing properties, antibacterial properties, and formaldehyde that consumers care about. The comparative test is entrusted to Ningbo Customs Technology Center to complete.

1. Basic situation of comparative test

This sample was purchased by the staff of Ningbo Consumer Protection Committee as a mysterious buyer from five online platforms, Taobao, JD, Suning, Pinduoduo, and Weidian. Including 14 batches of warm clothing, 12 batches of antibacterial clothing, 5 batches of iron-free clothing, and 9 batches of moisture-absorbing and quick-drying clothing. The prices of the samples range from 35 yuan to 486 yuan per piece, and they are all products with higher sales of similar products on each platform and the top recommended products on the platform.

2. Comparative test results

Among the test samples, 18 batches of test results did not meet the national mandatory or product specified standards. The main non-compliance items related to the warmth retention were fiber content, moisture absorption, quick-drying, antibacterial performance, and wrinkle level difference after washing (grade ). Among them, there are 3 batches of warm clothing, 5 batches of antibacterial clothing, 1 batch of iron-free clothing, and 9 batches of moisture-absorbing and quick-drying clothing.

From the perspective of purchase channels, Taobao platform purchased 25 batches, 10 batches were not compliant; Pinduoduo platform purchased 5 batches and 4 batches were not compliant; Suning Tesco platform purchased 5 batches and 2 batches were not compliant; Jingdong platform purchased 3 batches, 1 batch Inconsistent; 2 batches were purchased on the Weidian platform, and 1 batch was inconsistent.

In this test, the fiber content of 6 products did not meet its stated product standards. The fiber content of textiles is one of its main quality indicators. The quality of raw materials directly determines the value of a textile and apparel product, and it is also a major factor in judging whether the product is genuine or not.

The moisture absorption and quick-drying properties of the 9 moisture-absorbing and quick-drying garments tested this time did not meet its stated product standards. Moisture absorption and quick-drying performance refers to functional clothing that can quickly absorb sweat after the human body produces a large amount of sweat after strenuous exercise, and conduct it to the outer surface of the fabric to volatilize quickly, keeping the body dry and comfortable. Moisture-absorbing and quick-drying fabrics are mainly made of functional fibers or fabrics through functional finishing. Hygroscopicity: The inner surface of the garment fabric can quickly absorb sweat. Quick-drying: refers to the performance that sweat can quickly diffuse and volatilize after being transmitted to the outer surface of the garment fabric.

The antibacterial properties of 4 of the 12 antibacterial garments tested this time did not meet its stated product standards. Antibacterial properties refer to fibers or fabrics that can kill or inhibit microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and viruses. The purpose is not only to prevent textiles from being contaminated and damaged by microorganisms, but more importantly, to prevent infectious diseases and ensure human health and comfortable to wear.

The wrinkle level difference (level) of 1 product of the 5 non-ironing garments tested this time did not meet its stated product standards. The wrinkle level difference (level) after washing refers to the improvement of the wrinkle resistance of textiles through fiber modification, fiber blending, changing the fabric structure, and finishing, so that it has the functions of avoiding ironing and easy care.

3. The content and reference basis of the comparative test

1. Warm clothing: Mainly detect fiber content, pilling, formaldehyde, air permeability, thermal insulation, color fastness, washing size change rate.

2. Antibacterial clothing: Mainly detect fiber content, air permeability, antibacterial performance, PH.

3. Iron-free clothing: mainly detects fiber content, formaldehyde, poor wrinkle after washing, and degree of cracking.

4. Moisture-absorbing and quick-drying clothing: mainly detects moisture absorption (water absorption, drip diffusion time, wicking height), quick-drying (evaporation rate, moisture permeability).

The test method of this comparative test refers to GB18401-2010 "National Basic Safety Technical Specifications for Textile Products", GB/T29862-2013 "Identification of Textile Fiber Content", GB/T5453-1997 "Determination of Air Permeability of Textile Fabrics", FZ/ T73022-2012 "Thermal Knitted Underwear", GB/T20944.3-2008 "Evaluation of Antibacterial Performance Part 3: Oscillation Method", GB/T21655.1-2008 "Assessment of Moisture Absorption and Quick-drying of Textiles Part 1: Single Combined Test Method, GB/T12704.1-2009 "Textile fabric moisture permeability test method Part 1: Moisture absorption method", FZ/T01071-2008 "Textile capillary effect test method", GB/T2660-2017 "Shirt", etc.

Four, consumption tips

The samples were purchased on Taobao, JD, Suning.com, Pinduoduo and other online platforms, and the overall non-compliance rate reached 45%. When selecting textiles on the online shopping platform, try to choose some flagship stores of major brands, read the product descriptions in detail, focus on the main materials of the fabrics, and be clear about the product characteristics of different materials, and avoid some products claiming "high-tech" and "high-end" fiber names Misleading.

Thermal underwear: At present, there are many products called thermal underwear on the market, and the claimed materials are also various, such as pure cotton, modal, Ikes, Tencel, bamboo charcoal and so on. In fact, the thermal insulation effect of thermal underwear lies mainly in its structure, not its material. The real thermal underwear is laminated or brushed inside. Its principle is the same as that of a down jacket-the more air, the stronger the heat storage capacity. Therefore, the key factors for whether thermal underwear keeps warm are mainly the weave and structure of the clothing, such as its bulkiness and thickness, rather than the materials used. In a word: the thermal underwear of the inner brushed and sandwich is the warmest. Therefore, when choosing thermal underwear, it is recommended to choose inner brushed or interlayered products. At the same time, considering the moisture absorption, perspiration and anti-static properties, it is best to choose products with natural fibers or natural fibers in the inner layer.

Antibacterial textiles: The main antibacterial textiles currently on the market are antibacterial underwear, socks, towels, etc. However, since the sample has undergone antibacterial treatment and the antibacterial effect cannot be judged by the senses, when purchasing an antibacterial product, the only way to choose an antibacterial product is to specify whether its antibacterial process is specifically stated on the outer packaging or label, such as which type of bacteria has been tested, or After a certain organization's test, which standards are met, there are corresponding batch numbers, including standards and other information for rough screening.

Moisture-absorbing and quick-drying clothing: "Moisture absorption and quick-drying" are actually two indicators. Hygroscopicity assesses the water absorption performance of the fabric, and "Quick-drying" assesses the fast drying performance of the fabric. Moisture-absorbing and quick-drying products have the characteristics of good moisture absorption, low moisture retention, fast water conduction, good moisture permeability, and fast water evaporation. At present, the country’s assessment of moisture-absorbing and quick-drying products is mainly based on GB/T21655.1, but most of them are on the market. Products will not be marked with assessment standards. If there are any marked with assessment standards, you can buy with confidence. One thing to note is that businesses now tend to use pure cotton products as a selling point for moisture absorption and quick drying. In fact, most products with excellent moisture absorption and quick-drying properties are generally chemical fibers. If it is cotton, wool, or silk, the quick-drying properties are difficult to meet the requirements.

Non-ironing performance clothing: Most of the main non-ironing textiles on the market are shirts. The shirts that have undergone non-ironing treatment are wrinkle-free, and have good stiffness and shape stability without ironing after washing. Since the current non-iron finishing agents generally contain formaldehyde, you can judge whether the formaldehyde exceeds the standard by smelling the smell of the fabric (if necessary, you can rub the fabric to make the fabric heat up) during the purchase process. If there is irritation Sexual odor is not recommended. This comparison test is only responsible for the samples.